Securing the Peace.

Due on Monday, Dec. 21 before the beginning of class. Your answers to the following questions can be posted online or on paper. It is your choice.



Read pages 12 - 21 in the handout distributed in class. (It is not available online.) It is entitled, Securing the Peace.



Questions from Reading: Securing the Peace, pgs. 12 - 21



1. Why did Woodrow Wilson not take any Republicans with him to Europe for the Peace Conference?
Because of his own personal hatred against Lodge and his wounded pride from midterm elections. Also, the political differences between the two.

2. Why was Wilson welcomed in Paris?
Because the people of paris had read the Fourteen Points prior to his coming. They found hope in his ideas.

3. The idea of self-rule, which Wilson advocated, was not included in the Treaty to the extent Wilson had hoped. Why not?
Because of an argument over Orlando wanting to aquire land. Ultimatley he left the conference to return when it was compromised. The would be no "peace" if Wilson did not compromise.

4. The Allied Big Four - Wilson, Lloyd George, Orlando, and Clemenceau - discussed the question of whether to invite the conquered Germans and the new Russian Bolsehvik government to the Versailles Conference and its negotiations but decided against it. Was the decision justified? Explain your reasoning.
I dont believe that the German denial was justified because the only reason they did not attened was because France did not want them to have a say in the treaty. Russia however, is justified because the Big Four wanted communism as far away from Europe as possible because communism only causes more trouble. And besides, they pulled out of the war before it was over.

5. Which Big Four leader showed up at the Paris Conference with the most strenght to influence the proceedings? Which was the weakest? Why?
France because a. it was their country. b. they pushed punishment of Germany which passed. Japan was the weakest because they hardly gained anything.

6. Why did Wilson have such difficulty seeing his Fourteen Points written into the Peace Plan?
Because alot of the European countries were more focused on punishing germany than
actually aquire peace in europe. Also, America opposed many aspects of the Fourteen Points.

7. Explain Article X of the League of Nations Covenant. What problems with the covenant did some Americans have?
The Article X would include all states that signed. it would require them to fend for their fellow states in the event of war. Unfortunatly, some americans felt that it was unnecassary for America to get involved with overseas conflicts. Also, they feared for the men of america.

Woodrow Wilson Fights for Peace

Read Chapter 19-4 about Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points and the Treaty of Versailles. As you read about President Wilson’s idealistic plan for world peace, make notes to answer the following questions. Please post your answer to your blog by 8:20 a.m. on Thursday, Dec. 17.
Title: Woodrow Wilson Fights for Peace Labels: WWI, Wilson, TOV, Hitler, 14_points

1. What was Wilson's 14th Point?
That we create a league of nations to help talk out conflicts before declaring war.

2. What terms of the treaty specifically affected Germany?
the war guilt clause, forcing Germany to decrease their army and pay much money.

3. What were the weaknesses of the treaty?
The Treaty of Versaille succeeded in uniting most contries in europe but it humiliated Germany by including the guilt clause. Thus making them angry and not willing to be peaceful.

4. Why did Henry Cabot Lodge object to the treaty?
Wilson ignored the republicans and would not agree to compromise.

5. How did Wilson help bring about the Senate's rejection of the treaty?
Wilson was adamant about not negotiating.
6. What circumstances at this time would eventually lead many Germans to support Adolf Hitler?
germany seeked a strong motivated powerful leader. that happened to be Hitler.

7. Who is George Clemenceau?
french premiere

8. Who is David Lloyd George?
british minister.

9. Describe the participation of Russia at the peace conference.
It was non exsistant because Czar Nicholas Romanov and family were murdered at the hands of communists.

WWI - The War at Home

Please read Chapter 19-3 - The War at Home and post your answer to the following questions. Your answers are due by the end of the day Friday, Dec. 11.
Title: WWI - The War at Home Labels: Propaganda, WWI, domestic, Wilson

What were some things accomplished by the following wartime agencies and laws?

1. War Industries Board
Applied price control onto their products making the retail rices double the amount they were prior to the war.

2. Railroad Administration
Cotrolling the railways made it possible for them to conserve gas. public transportation was vital to doing this.

3. Fuel Administration
They raised the price of fuel making Americans utilize trains.

4. National War Labor Board
created by nixon to punish laborers who would not obey board descisions. the laborers would lose their draft extemptions. they also worked actively to make sure that factories were a clean safe enviroment for workers and that child labor would be banned.

5. Food Administration
conserving food involved limiting production of meats ect. homeowners began to make homegrown farms.

6. Committee on Public Information
promoted nationalism and patriotism but also led opposers of the war and certain groups to feel as if their rights were being violated.

7. Espionage and Sedition Acts
anyone opposed to the war would be charged 10 million dollars and sentenced to 20 years in prison charge providing. freedom of speech was not allowed.
Briefly explain why Bernard M. Baruch and George Creel are significant historical figures.

The U.S. enters World War I

Wed., Dec. 2 Homework

Read Chapter 19-2 and post your answers to the following questions. These are due on Friday by 3:10 p.m.
Title: The U.S. enters World War I Labels: Wilson, WWI

1. How did the United States raise an army?
The U.S congress passed the Selective Service Act in may 1917. The act required men to register with the government prior to participating in selections for the army.

2. How did U.S. soldiers help win the war?
They came into it very positive and eager to fight.

3. What were the estimated economic costs of the war?
around $338 billion dollars

4. What did the war cost in terms of the number of civilian deaths; military deaths?; injuries?; and refugees?
Deaths about 22 million more than half were civilians.
20 million people were injured
10 million more became refugees.


5. Define armistice
a truce.

World War I Begins

Please read Chapter 19-1 and post your answers to the following questions. They are due by 8:20 a.m. Wednesday.
Title: World War I Begins Labels: WWI, Wilson, neutrality

1. What are the four main causes of World War I? Give an example for each as to why it was a cause.
Militarism: power struggle and the need for larger military. bigger weapons due to industrial age.
Alliance System: due to the alliance system most of europe became involved with the war because they were siding with either Austria-hungary or Russia who supported the serbians.
Imperialism: all european countries were in heavy competition for oversea territory.
Nationilism: more ethnic groups wished to have their own set country and power. Also each country wanted the Balkan Peninsula for themselves.

2. How did the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand become the spark for WWI?
Because Austro-Hungary found the perfect opportunity to go to war with serbia because the assasin was Serbian. They found it the right moment to go to war and sieze the balkan peninsula.

3. What happened within the first few months of fighting?
warfare using trenches broke out.

4. Generally, why did the United States want to stay out of the war?
The war had virtually no negative effect on U.S lifestyle and culture.

5. Specifically, Why did the following groups of Americans tend to oppose U.S. participation in the war? Naturalized citizens; socialists; pacifists; parents.
Naturalized citizens: they feared that they would be fighting their homelands.
socialists: saw it as a battle for imperialism and opposed it.
pacifists: dont like fighting
parents: didnt want to send their sons to their demise.

6. How did Germany respond to the British naval blockade of Germany’s ports? What was the U.S. response?
a counterblockade of U boats.

7. What forced the United States into the war?
the german kaiser was going to sink all the boats in british waters by U boats. among these boats were american civilian ships and trade boats which forced the U.S into war.

America as a World Power

SECONDLY: Read America as a World Power (pps. 565 - 571) Answer the following questions and post them to your blog. They are due Wed., Nov. 16 by 3:30 p.m. Click here for my notes on the section.


Title: America as a World Power Labels: Panama_Canal, TR, Russo-Japanese_War, Roosevelt_Corollary, Dollar_Diplomacy, Mexico, Foreign_Policy

1. What role did President Roosevelt play in ending the Russo-Japanese War?
Teddy Roosevelt helped bring Japan and Russia to a compromise treaty called the Treaty of Portsmouth. This treaty gave a good portion of land to the Japanese in Korea and Manchuria while Russia escaped a heavy cash payment.


2. What events led to the building of the Panama Canal? What happened regarding Columbia? (Be specific)

Americans believed that America needed a canal through central america for easier travel and commercial. two routes through Nicaragua and Panama passing through columbia.

3. What did the Roosevelt Corollary state?
Baically that the U.S just resort to force to keep its interests in latin america safe.

4. How did Taft use Dollar Diplomacy to enforce the Roosevelt Colollary on Nicaragua? (Be specfic)
Dollar Diplomacy allowed the u.s government to loan money to foreign countries whish was necassary in this case because america had caused bankrupcy in Nicuragua.

5. Why did Woodrow Wilson invade Mexico?
He wanted an opportunity to take action against Huerta .

6. What were three major foriegn policy goals achieved by the United States in the early 20th century. Be sure to provide an example or two of each.
-Expanded acess to foreign economies [Panama Canal]
- Protecting interests abroad ex navy
- Utilized international power to maintain power in latin america [Roosevelt Corollary]

Imperialism's Bitter Fruit

Using the new packet given out on class Tuesday, please read pages 32 - 37 and answer the following 6 questions. Make sure you provide sufficient detail in your answers. Copy and paste them into your blog.

Title: Imperialism's Bitter Fruit Labels: Imperialism, McKinley, TR, Hawaii, S-A_War, Guam, Philippines, Mahan, Navy

Your answers are due by the beginning of class on Nov. 6.


Questions for Epilogue: Imperialism’s Bitter Fruit (pages 32-37)


1. a. After the Spanish were forced out of the Philippines, why did fighting break out between American and Filipino forces?
The Filipino forces believed that they would be granted freedom as soon as the Spanish were out of the country. Once that didnt happen the Filipinos felt betrayed and becan to fight with American forces.


b. How was this a different kind of warfare for American forces?
Instead of them facing organized armies they were participating in guerilla warfare- random attacks on soldiers both brutal and savage.

2. Why were many African-Americans strong critics of the war against Filipino nationalists?
African Americans saw the racism that fueled the war in the Phillipenes. Also the few African Americans that were placed on the front were ill treated and discriminated against just as the were in the u.s.


3. Explain two reasons why the United States lost some of its enthusiasm for imperialism in the early 1900s.

a. Because now that we had the Phillipenes we saw the people beginning to rebel and lives were being lost.

b. Some americans felt that we were more or less babysitting the Phillipenes and not really gaining anything from it.


4. What were the positive effects of American occupation in Puerto Rico and Cuba?
Congress decided to have Puerto Rico and Cuba become U.S territories therefore granting citizenship to all their people.

5. After the Spanish-American War, the United States insisted that Cuba only receive independence after agreeing to several limitations set forth in the Platt Amendment. Four restrictions on Cuban independence set forth in the Platt Amendment were:

a. oversee cuban economy


b. exercize veto power on Cuban foreign policy.


c. inervene when necassary


d. build naval base at guantanomo bay at the southearstern tip of the island

Was the United States justified in making these demands? Explain your reasoning.
I think the U.S was justified to an extent. Placing naval bases is reasonable because it is our territory but foreign policy is not necassary because they are somewhat a sovereign power.

6. Do you believe the United States was imperialist? Why or why not?
i believe that the u.s was imperialist because they wanted complete control over the country in question. they wanted it to be an extension of america not just another territory as it turned out to be

Spanish-American War

In the Imperialism packet given out on class Wednesday, please read pages 12 - 21 and answer the following 10 questions. Make sure you provide sufficient detail in your answers so that you can use them as you conduct research next week. Copy and paste them into your blog.

Title: Spanish-American War Labels: Imperialism, McKinley, TR, Hawaii, S-A_War, Guam, Philippines, Mahan, Navy

Your answers are due by 12:25 p.m. on Nov. 2.

Questions for Part II—The Spanish-American War

1. What connections did the U.S. have to Cuba in the late 1800s? List at least two.
-The U.S desired to have cuba as a territory
-Tariff free sugar from America owned plantations located in Cuba.

2. What were the Spanish “reconcentration camps”?
Reconcentration camps were created to house rural civilians and keep them from joining the rebels. They were forced into these camps by the Govener and were made to suffer starvation and unhygenic conditions until they died.

3. List three reasons why the United States went to war with Spain in Cuba.
a. Yellow Journalism

b. The Maine explosion;; media putting spain at fault.

c. de lome letter insults president.


4. Which do you believe was the most important reason? Why?
The Maine explosion because it gave americans the perfect advantage to go to war with Spain and sieze Cuba as their own.

5. What did the Teller Amendment say?
It states that the U.S. had no interest in forcing "sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control" over Cuba and pledged to let the government and control of the island be decided by the people once peace had been restored.

6. Why was a portion of the Spanish-American War fought in the Philippines?
Because the U.S desired to control Guam and the Phillipenes to utilize them as pacific ports.

7. Dewey’s victory in the _Manila harbor ___________________________ sparked an outpouring of ______pride___________ in the United States.


8. Why did Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders want to fight in Cuba?


9. a. Why were many African-Americans eager to serve in the Spanish-American War?
They saw it as a chance to gain equality and be a larger part of american culture. The believed it would force others to show them respect and eliminate discrimination.

b. What forms of discrimination and prejudice did they encounter?
All but three states denied any and all black volunteers. They could no be in high ranks and were not allowed to fight in Cuba.

10. How did racism influence American perceptions of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines? Give two examples of events where racism affected U.S. policy after the war.

a. The rebels in cuba were not able to participate in the negotiations about cubas future. The U.S fell on the Teller ammendment to claim that cuba needed the aid of the U.S and they would remain in cuba until a stable government was put in place. U.S occupation was also held in the phillipenes with permission from spain. While the U.S occupied the phillipenos experianced cruel and unusual torture.

b. Americans felt that blacks and asians were incabable of smoothly running a government.

Imperialism: The Origins of a Global Power

Wed., Oct. 28 Homework

In the Imperialism packet given out in class today, please read pages 1 - 11 and answer the following 10 questions. Make sure you provide sufficient detail in your answers so that you can use them as you conduct research next week. Copy and paste them into your blog.

Title: Imperialism: The Origins of a Global Power Labels: Imperialism, McKinley, TR, Hawaii, S-A_War, Guam, Philippines, Mahan, Navy

Your answers are due by 12:25 p.m. on Oct. 30.

Questions for Introduction and Part I - The Origins of a Global Power

1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
The American plantation owners rid Hawaii of their queen so they could gain full acsess to the islands resources and inhabitants. Hawaii was valuable because of its pluthra of resources. Grover Cleaveland feels that if a sovereign state is in jeapordy it is the U.S's duty to step in and help. I agree to an extent because i feel if the state is in a life or death situation then the U.S should step in but if they are getting along fine then why bother them.

2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
Five important changes that occured in the America during the nineteenth century are immigration, urban growth, trade, 1893 depression, and the "frontier". Immigration expanded the U.S's work force and creating ethnic diversity. Urban growth changes america because it caused agriculture, the main industry, to slow slip away from its center role in society. Trade brought the U.S to a world power position. The Depression caused workers to realize their vulnerability to the economy. Finally expanision and the frontier showed that america wanted to expand beyond the horizon and exploit the land to its full potential.

3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
The depression forced the group that sufffered the most were the workers who feared losing their jobs thus forcing them to strike.

4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
The frontier meant america had the integrity to expand. Closing the frontier would mean that america would be completed and we couldnt spread the value and good we were spreading initially.

5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
Because it would fuel economic growth.

6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
Expantionist believe that involvment in oversea trade would ensure economic sucess while imperialists said that anexing countries would.

7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
Social darwinism contributed because it taught that America was the superior and we needd to educate others in our ways; basically imperialism. They were used to justify racism because they were supposedly scientifically proven and no one argues with the facts. The ideologies are used but quite subtly today.

8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
That the Anglosaxins (America) were created by God to someday take over the world. It was our job to spread civilized ways.

9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
The United states became involved with these many countries for basically two reasons; a feeling of sympathy for those opressed and resources The US could exploit.

10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
The U.S's concern was that European countries would begin planting colonies in Venezuela. Olney provoked the Monroe Doctrine which would attempt to prevent britain from taking any more countries.

Spanish-American War (1898)

Fri., Oct. 23 Homework

Read Chapter 18-2 and answer the following questions. Your answers are due by 12:25 p.m. on Monday.

Title: Spanish-American War (1898) Labels: Spanish-American_War, USS_Maine, TR, Cuba, Philippines, war

Directions: As you read about the Spanish-American War, write notes to answer the questions about its causes and effects.


Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?


1. American business owners
Investing in Cuban sugar plantations. Wanted to support Spain once the riots began to protect their investments.

2. José Martí
Poet and journalist from Cuba. Organized the cuban resistance against Spain. Guerilla capaign:deliberatley destroying property.

3. Valeriano Weyler
Spanish general sent to Cuba to calm to riots. Rounded Cubans to concentration camps where they would die of disease or hunger.

4. Yellow journalism
Style of writing used to excite the masses and cause hype in the news making the conflict seem worse than it was.

5. De Lôme letter
A published letter written by the Spanish Minister. It slightly insulted the president saying he was "weak" and "a bidder admiration for the crowd."

6. U.S.S. Maine
The Maine explosion gave the U.S all the reason to go to war because they could accuse the Spanish no matter what.


Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?

7. Cuba
Was freed from the spanish.
8. Puerto Rico
Turned over to the U.S
9. Guam
Turned over to the U.S
10. Philippine Islands
Sold to the U.S for 20 million$

U.S. Imperialism Begins

Wed., Oct. 21 Homework



Read Chapter 18-1 about U.S. Imperialism and answer the following questions. They are due Friday at 3:10p.m. Post them to your blog.



Title: U.S. Imperialism Begins Labels: Hawaii, Imperialism, Mahan, Frontier_Thesis, Alaska





Link to Reading Assignments and Digital Notes




1. Name at least five factors that fueled American Imperialism.
five factors that fueled American Imperialism was a. The trend was catching on in European countries and around the world. b. Because of that competion between the countries for land. c. Desire for military strength. d. Thirst for a new market. e. Belief in cultural superiority.

2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
Belief in cultural superiority means that America thought that American Culture was superior to all other cultures and that importing our beliefs around the world would make it a better place. Also the thirst for a new market means that american industry wanted to expand across seas to expand their clientel which could be accomplished with imperialism.

3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
The buying of Alaska from Russia and it was known as seaward's folly because everyone thought the idea was foolish and pointless.

4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product ?
Sugar cane and The Americans conntrolled the harvesting and production.

6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
The Hawaian islands were utilized by settlers since the 1790s. Yankee settlers opened christian missionaries and schools. Sugar planters were planting prior to the Annexation of Hawaii. Because suger planters were bringing in so much money they began to overflow the island with immigrant workers. American planters asked the USA to annex Hawaii thus bringing business to america.

Child Labor Reform Photographs

In Class Assignment: Efforts to Reform Child Labor

Examine the eight photographs taken by photographer Lewis W. Hine around the turn of the century.

For each photograph consider the following questions: (Copy the following and post it to your blog. Title: Child Labor Reform Photographs Labels: Child_Labor, Progressive_Era )


Objective Assessment


As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments.

Where are these children? List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?

Subjective Assessment


What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.


Photograph A
-The child is a girl working in the Cotton Mill. There is a long line of what looks like machines to make thread, looms maybe, behind the girl. Concrete walls suggest a large factory-esque building.

-She does not look old enough to work and looks dirty and tired. Her clothing is wrinkled and dirty. She has a worried look on her face.

- The life of this child, though short lived, seems a struggle. Working many hours and sometimes into the night shows on her tired little face. Was anyone in the time keeping tabs on the workers in factories? Did they make sure employers were following the laws regarding child labor?

Photograph B
-The girls seem to be standing in front of the company they work at.

-Their are all wearing similiar clothing and some have a very disgruntled look on their faces. None of them look overjoyed yet two still smile.

-None of the girls look very unhealthy so they seem well fed. They all carry a very unhappy look though which suggest that their factory days are not that enjoyable. Once again i can draw from this that their lives are full of hard work, struggle, and little pay. Even poor hygene is shown.

Photograph C
-The girl is standing between two rows of looms. The floor is scattered with cotton.

-This young girl can be no more than nine. She is very tiny and he standing next to those huge machines definatley shows that. She is barefoot and wears a very plain dress similiar to those in other photos.

-The overseer of this company states that he does not really want to put them to work but they just show up. In my opinion, the fact that they are young and do not understand the concept of fair wage could be used to the advantage of the company. More product and the luxory of keeping a good amount of profits. This childs life is just not fair all around because she should not be working at that age.

Photograph D
-This photo is taken on a city street. It is raining and there are people in nice suits and hats walking the street.

-The boy in this photo is wearing poor clothes for standing in the rain. He looks about 7 years old and his size is shown in comparison to the adults around him.

-Who would be the employers of street workers? This childs life seems very dificult. He is exposed to the weather and wrong doings of the streets. Also the boy seems very desperate to earn money.

Photograph E
-The surroundings of the boys in this photo is so dusty. Working in this dust caused much harm to the boys health. The boys sit on makeshift chairs.

-These boys look dirty and sick. All of them look no more than 15. Their clothes are all very similiar to eachother. Also, we see the abuse that was put forth with other children prodding the young boys so they will obey.

-The boys in this photo must be very desperate for money. Putting their health in danger to earn their keep. Why would the parents of these children allow them to do this? Were children dying because of the coal?

Photograph F
-The boys in this photo are surrounded by various machines. There seems to be a heavy smoke in the right corner of the photo probably from the fire for the glass.

-The boy's age seems to range from 13-17. Their clothes are ripped and dirty from the ash. They are many boys cramped into the one tiny room.

-The lives of these boys does seem rough but for some reason they dont look as depressed, tired, or sick as others in the different photos. There seems to be a strange pride about these boys.

Photograph G
-There is a long table with Oysters on it and baskets for the oysters. Also there is what looks like piles of wood in the corner.

-The photo shows men, women, and children and even two babies. the babies are not shucking but all other persons are. There is one man that seems to be an overseer in the way back of the photo. They all look disheveled hair in bandanas, sleeves rolled back working hard.

-Im curious as to whether families chose these sort of work enviroments so that their children could be close to them. These people look as though they could be immigrants or lower class people that need all the money they can get therefore putting their children to work. Whats an oyster shucker?

Photograph H

-The children are going to work at around 6pm. There is rain and it is in December. One can only guess it is cold.

-The children here are not dressed appropriatly for the cold. Most of the girls have makeshift hoods for their heads. The statement about the sisters with the lazy father shows that some children working late into the night were only doing so to support their lazy parents.

-This picture has to be the saddest of them all. Young children should not be working and the fact that some were only working to support parents who are quite capable of working angers me even more. This kids lives must be miserable, lonely, and unsatisfying. When they begin to work this young all they know is work. They may have found that as a value back then but to me its a bit twisted.

Progressivism Under Taft-Wilson's New Freedom

Tuesday, October 13

The answers to the following questions are due Friday by 3:10 p.m. (This is worth 40 HW points.)

There will be a Progressive Era Quiz on Friday.


Read Chapter 17-4 (Progressivism Under Taft) and Chapter 17-5 (Wilson's New Freedom)

1. How did William Howard Taft get selected to run for president?
Roosevelt decided not to run again in 1908 so he hand picked Taft to be his running sucessor.

2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
The Republican Progressives refused to vote so they created the Progressive party, electing Roosevelt as their candidate.

3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
He may not have one the popular vote but the electoral college voted him into office.

4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
Wilson believed in strong central government and that monopolies were a threat to the stability of government.

5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
Granting women the right to vote.

6. How did America's entry into World War II affect the reform movement?
It caused it to stall because the entire country was occupied with the outbreak of war in Europe. Also war could not play a mojor role in progressivism for it was against all ideology.

TR's Square Deal

Thursday, October 8, 2009


Read Chapter 17-3 (Begins on Page 523). Teddy Roosevelt's Square Deal


You can read my notes on TR here.

Copy and post answers to the following questions on your blog. Your answers are due by 3:10 p.m. Friday. Title: TR's Square Deal labels: TR, Progressive_Movement, Reform, :

1. How did Roosevelt create the modern presidency?
He used a "bully pulpit" to advocate for the working people. He also enforced the fact that he was president and not business tycoons.

2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
It showed that when the public was threatned it was the Presidents duty to intervene and resolve.

3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
He had railroads notifying the public before raising prices. He also filed an anti trust act.

4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
The Square Deal

5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
He built a dam and ressurected comitees to conserve the land( U.S forest service).

While this isn't part of the homework, make sure you can describe (with good details) the following people and events:

Teddy Roosevelt (TR)
Upton Sinclair
The Jungle
Square Deal
Meat Inspection Act
Pure Food and Drug Act
Newlands Act (1902)

Urbanzation

Fri., Oct. 2 Homework

Read Chapter 15-2 about Urbanization. Answer the following questions. Please post them to your blog by the beginning of class on Monday. Title: Urbanzation. Labels: Urbanization, cities, reform



1. What is Urbanization?

Urbanization is the growth of cities.

2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?

The industrial movement decreased the need for manual workers. The majority of people were Blacks trying to escape racial tension in the south only to find it still existed up north.


3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
The problems people faced were the unsanitary one room homes that were left by working class families. Immigrants would live in rooms with 2 or more families to aone room house. Also they had vermon problems because of the infrequently picked up trash.

Immigration Labels

Tues., Sept. 29 Homework

Read Chapter 15-1: The New Immigrants, pgs. 460-465.

Answer the following questions and post them in your blog: Title: Immigration Labels: immigration, urbanization, nativism, cities

1. Describe the causes of the immigration of Southern and Eastern Europeans, Chinese, Koreans, and Japanese to America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
People were driven out of their countries and immigrated to the US due to famine, religious persecution, and the gold rush. The rising population in Europe also added to the swell of immigrants. Many immigrants came to live independent lives and start businesses.

2. Describe the journey immigrants endured and their experiences at United States immigration stations.
Imigrants traveled to america by steamship. The close living conditions caused disease to spread like wild fire and some immigrants didnt make it to the states. Once they reached america, they were forced to go through immigrant stations. Angel island, on the west coast, and Ellis island on the east. At Ellis they had to go through doctor examinations and questioning by the government. If unable to fufill the requirements they would be sent back. Angels island's questionings were much harsher then those of Ellis Island.

Big Business and Labor Quiz

Monday, Sept. 21 Homework

If you scored less than 20 on your Big Business and Labor Quiz, please make the necessary corrections / additions so that it could score a 20. Please type out the entire quiz and post to your blog by 8:20 a.m. Wednesday. Title: Big Business and Labor Quiz Labels: Industrial_Age, labor


Also, study for Wednesday's written quiz on Labor Unions. Make sure you are familiar with the significance of following terms, people and events: Eugene Debs, socialism, Mother Jones, the major strikes and gov't responses, horizontal integration and a specific example, vertical integration and a specific example, and why the public sometimes opposed unions.

why and with what effect did the 19th century business ideologies of Laissez faire and social darwinism have on laborers?

The Ideology of Laissez faire had a negative effect on business in the 19th century. Laissez faire was the idea that the market was an uncontrolable aspect of life. That the only way to go about it was to allow business owners do what they wanted when they wanted. The effect on the laborers and buyers of the time was that they were being a.charged more for the product then what it maybe was worth and b. lower wages for the laborers because the tycoons could pay them whatever they pleased. The reason business owners supported it so heavily was because of the large profit income they were recieving. Social Darwinism was another negative effect. Social Darwinism was the belief in the god made entightlment that was placed upon the rich. God made them to be wealthy and others were condemned to a life of poverty or lower/middle class life styles. Social Darwinism only made sense to, once again, the large business tycoons of the age. Mainly because they profited from the idea. It was originally conceived from Darwin's natural selection theory. The idea born from this was a every man for himself concept leaving the poor in the dust.

Labor Unions & Big Business

I have also shared a pdf file with you entitled Labor Unions. Using this reading and your textbook, complete the following assignment and post it on your blog by 8:20 a.m. Monday, Sept. 21. Title: Labor Unions & Big Business Labels: Labor, Industrial_Age

•Identify each of the following events or people. Give an explanation or description of the item. Answer the questions who, what, where, and when.
•Explain the historical significance of each item in the space provided. Establish the historical context in which the item exists. Establish the item as the result of or as the cause of other factors existing in the society under study. Answer this question: What were the political, social, economic, and/or cultural consequences of this item?

the Knights of Labor
a. Identification
The Knights of Labor was an organization founded in 1860. It was a labor union formed in Pennsylvania. They believed the resolution to conflict was to have every laborer work for themselves.
b. Significance
The historical significance, and also another aspect of the organization, was that they allowed blacks and women to be a part of the union. Also it shows that people were begining to take an initiative in their work.

the Haymarket riot
a. Identification
The Haymarket riot occured may 4th 1886. During this time, mass strikes and demonstrations were taking place. Labor groups were rallied at Haymarket square when anarchists set a bomb off close to the rally.
b. Significance
The historical significance of this event was that in the times afterward a fear of radicalism was developed. People began to feel that they were in a time of crisis and the law was not helping.

the American Federation of Labor
a. Identification
The AFL was a union who supported industrialism and worked with it to better wages and hours. They were led by Samuel Gompers.
b. Significance
The significance is that once again we get insight into the working conditions of the 18oos, though it is not explicit in what they are we get an idea.

Samuel Gompers
a. Identification
He headed the cigar makers union and the AFL.
b. Significance
He led one of the largest labor unions.

the Homestead strike
a. Identification
The homestead strike was right after the haymarket riot. it began because the company president Henry Clay Frick began to cut wages.
b. Significance
shows the anger and frustration of the people over the economy and wage cuts.

the Pullman strike
a. Identification
The 1994 Pullman strike was initiated because Pullman would not negotiate wages with the workers. To save his company he would cut wages to a minimum.
b. Significance
The significance of this was another example of Social Darwinism in the time. taking from the "little guy" to support your wallet.

Eugene V. Debs
a. Identification
Led the union and offered to aid the workers in the strike against the Pullman company. He was later jailed for defying the court injunction.
b. Significance
His effort shows the devotion labor union leaders had towards their cause.

the Industrial Workers of the World
a. Identification
Established in chicago in 1905. they advocated the overthrow of the wage system and putting workers in charge of their own salary.
b. Significance
their morals were very similiar to tbe Knights.

Tuesday, September 15, 2009

Tuesday, September 15, 2009
Tues., Sept. 15 Homework

ALL CLASSES: Read Chapter 14-3 and then identify the significance of each of the following terms / names: (Post your answers in your blog before the beginning of class.)

Andrew Carnegie: had practical management skills which eventually became widespread.
Social Darwinism: was used as a way to back up the laissez faire.
John D. Rockefeller: joined competing companies into one trust agreement.
Sherman Antitrust Act:made it illegal to form trusts that interfered with trading of states and or couintries.
Samuel Gompers:led the Cigar Makers Union to join band with other unions of craft.
American Federation of Labor (AFL):gompers is president. they focused on bargaining and management.
Eugene V. Debs: "The strike is the weapon of the opressed"
Industrial Workers of the World: Headed by William Haywood. "wobblies" were mainly hard labor workers.
Mary Harris Jones: supported the great strike of 1887 and was a women activist. "she fights their battles with a mothers love"

Expansion of Industry

All Periods: Please read 14-1 in your textbook (Don't worry, it is a short section) and answer the question below in a paragraph or two. Make sure you use completed sentences. Please post it on your blog no later than 10 a.m. Monday. Title: Expansion of Industry Labels: Industrial_Age, Inventions

Question:

What were the three major factors that contributed to the immense technological boom that took place in the United States after the Civil War? Explain how two of these factors helped to bring about this technological boom.

Three factors that contributed to the technological boom after the Civil War were; The discovery of oil, the typewriter, and the telephone. The discovery of oil was very important because it created a huge industry able to produce many different forms of oil. For instance kerosene, for lighting, and gasoline, for the newly developed automobiles. With this also, the success of the automobile industries was beginning to bloom. Another factor is the development of the telephone. With this, women had more job opportunites. With companies not having to send a letter every time they needed to be in contact with someone, the telephone contributed to the boom by making the work of many industries much easier.

Westward Expansion Questions

Westward Expansion following the Civil War

Read Chapters 13-1 and 13-2 in The Americans. Be sure to review the chapter overview. You can also look at the chapter notes.

Answer the following questions and POST them to your blog by 8:20 a.m. Thursday, Sept. 10.
Title: Westward Expansion Questions Labels: Westward_Expansion

1. What are some of the main reasons that the federal government's policy of assimilation failed?

Some of the reasons that assimilation failed was because of the constant hostility the American people had towards the Native Americans. "I want no peace until the Indians suffer more". Also the Americans extreme changes that were being presented were so radical and impossible because under the white man clothes is still a Native American. They would never get rid of their life style and even after adapting American code of law and school systems no one was happy.

Think About:

• Native Americans' way of life
• Cultural differences
• Attitude of whites toward Native Americans
• Government promises

2. How successful were government efforts to promote settlement of the Great Plains? Give examples to support your answer.

The goernments efforts to promote settlement were a mojor sucess. With the Homestead act in place and 160 acres of land up for grabs, 600,000 people took up the government offer of land out west.
Think about:

• The growth in population on the Great Plains
• The role of railroads in the economy
• The Homestead Act

Conflict in Iraq Q&A

Part I Questions:

Short Response

1. Where do most Kurds, Shi'a, and Sunnis live in Iraq?
Kurds:live in the mountainous region of Iraq or Kurdistan, as they call it.
Shi'a:in the south
Sunnis:areas that are less oil rich.

2. Which ethnic group(s) hold(s) power over the majority of oil reserves in Iraq?
The Shi'a.

3. What is the main reason Britain become involved in Iraq?
For their oil.

4. What did pan-Arabists advocate after World War II?
They pushed independence for the entire Middle East and encouraged government to "sever ties"with Britain.

5. How was Saddam Hussein able to gain power and popularity in the 1970s?
By using money to provide universal free education, health care sytem, and an agricultural system.

6. Why did the United States become involved in the Iran-Iraq War?
Because Iran began attacking Kuwaiti oil tankers.

7. Why did President George H.W. Bush (1989-93) bring the ground portion of the First Persian Gulf War to a halt? List two reasons.

a. the president worried about the consequences of controlling Iraq because it was not a stable country.

b. objected to the total destruction of Iraq's retreating army and the downfall of Saddam Hussein

Extended Response:

8. What are the different ethnic and religious groups in Iraq? Why is it important to understand these differences?
The different ethnic groups in Iraq are the Kurds and Arabs. Religious groups include the Sunnis and Shi'a. It's important to understand these differences because in Iraq the groups contribute to the country in very different ways. Shi'a have theyre many oil reserves but the Sunnis also had the power with Saddam Hussein. Also these various groups rule specific areas of Iraq. It's good to know that if you were in the mountainous region, you would be in a primarily Kurd area a.k.a "Kurdistan".

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